Overview
Pediatrics is a medical discipline that deals with the medical care of infants, children and teenagers up to the age of 18. Neonatology is the sub-speciality of Pediatrics which primarily specializes in the medical and healthcare of infants. The two medical divisions are quite similar and can be interlinked to each other. We can say that all pediatricians are Neonatologists whereas the opposite might not be true.
A pediatrician is a highly specialized healthcare professional who is mainly trained to look after the child's mental, physical and social wellbeing throughout their developing age. Due to their specialization, they generally have the broader experience to diagnose and cure early age illnesses. During childbirth, special care is required for infants. A baby born early or with a pre-existing illness needs immediate treatments and close monitoring from professionals who are trained to treat them otherwise the consequences can be fatal.
In the case of childbirth, when the child is born prematurely, they are referred directly to the NICU, where they are treated by highly trained neonatologists to monitor and assess the child's physical health until they are fit enough.
Types of Pediatrician:
A pediatrician works as a primary healthcare physician and choosing a proper pediatrician is one of the most significant things one can do for their child. You must choose the correct pediatricians according to your child's age and needs. Generally, pediatricians are specialized and trained according to the needs of the child and can be broadly categorized in the below-mentioned types:
• Developmental behavioural Pediatricians: They assess and determine the behavioural development of the child and adolescents. They are specialized to diagnose and treating behavioural problems, developmental and learning of the young ones.
• Adolescent medicine specialists: They are specialized to treat and caring for children or adolescents from the age of 11 to 18.
• Critical care Pediatricians: They are trained to treat children with critical and unstable health conditions. Due to the need for highly specialized and professional teams, they mainly operate from intensive care units in a hospital.
• Child Abuse Pediatricians: They are skilled and experienced in gauging any mishaps (like abuse or neglect) to the child and giving them proper counselling and care.
• Pediatric Oncologists: They are trained to diagnose and treat different types of cancers in children.
• Pediatric cardiologists: They diagnose and treat any heart conditions in children.
• Neonatal-perinatal pediatricians (also called Neonatologists): They are trained to care for infants before, during and after childbirth. They are highly skilled professionals that also treat premature or infants born with critical illnesses. Similarly, there are several other Pediatrician who is specialised according to their area of treatment like Pediatric pulmonologists, Pediatric rheumatologists, Pediatric neurologists, Pediatric nephrologists, Pediatric endocrinologists and Pediatric gastroenterologists. Children bodies are quite different from adults and so are their responses to the medicines Pediatric doctors are more concerned about a child's congenital defects, genetic variance, and developmental issues than adult physicians. They take into account various crucial factors like a child's or infant's physiology when considering symptoms, prescribing medications, and diagnosing illnesses. Hence, one must get them treated by specialized doctors for effective treatment because a healthy child will make up a healthier society.
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